Metallicities of M Dwarf Planet Hosts from Spectral Synthesis

We present the first spectroscopic metallicities of three M dwarfs with known or candidate planetary mass companions. We have analyzed high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of these stars, which we obtained at McDonald Observatory. Our analysis technique is based on spectral synthesis of atomic and molecular features using recently revised cool-star model atmospheres and spectrum synthesis code. The technique has been shown to yield results consistent with the analyses of solar-type stars and allows measurements of M dwarf [M/H] values to 0.12 dex precision. From our analysis, we find [M/H] = -0.12, -0.32, and -0.33 for GJ 876, GJ 436, and GJ 581, respectively. These three M dwarf planet hosts have subsolar metallicities, a surprising departure from the trend observed in FGK-type stars. This study is the first part of our ongoing work to determine the metallicities of the M dwarfs included in the McDonald Observatory planet search program.