final

See also: Final and finał

English

Alternative forms

• finall (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English final, fynal, fynall, from Old French final, from Latin fīnālis (“of or relating to the end or to boundaries”), from fīnis (“end”); see fine. Replaced native English endly (“final”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈfaɪnl̩/

  • Audio (London)

    (file)

• (General American) enPR: fī'nəl, IPA^(key): /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/, [-nəɫ]

  • Audio (GA)

    (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪnəl
• Hyphenation: fi‧nal

Noun

final (plural finals)

1. (US, Canada) A final examination; a test or examination given at the end of a term or class; the test that concludes a class.
2. (Oxbridge slang) A final examination taken at the end of the final year of an undergraduate course, which contributes towards a student's degree classification.
3. (sports) The last round, game or match in a contest, after which the winner is determined.
4. (phonology) The final part of a syllable, the combination of medial and rime in phonetics and phonology.
5. (music) The tonic or keynote of a Gregorian mode, and hence the final note of any conventional melody played in that mode.

Derived terms

• cup final
• eighth final
• head-final
• petite final
• petit final
• quarter final, quarter-final
• semi-final
• short finals
• sports final

 

Descendants

• → Japanese: ファイナル (fainaru)
• → Swahili: fainali

Translations

test or examination given at the end of a term or class

• Bulgarian: заключителен изпит m (zaključitelen izpit)
• Catalan: final (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 期末考試／期末考试 (qīmò kǎoshì)

• Danish: eksamen c
• Dutch: eindexamen (nl) n
• Finnish: loppukoe (fi), päättökoe
• French: examen (fr) m
• Galician: exame final m
• German: Abschlussprüfung (de) f
• Greek: πτυχιακές (el) f or pl (ptychiakés)
• Hebrew: גְּמָר (he) m (gmar)
• Hungarian: záróvizsga (hu)
• Japanese: 学期末試験 (gakki-matsu shiken), 学期末テスト (gakki-matsu tesuto), ファイナル (fainaru)
• Latin: finis (la) m or f, terminus (la) m, exitus m, exitus m, extremus m, extremum n, peractio f
• Portuguese: prova final f
• Russian: выпускно́й (ru) (vypusknój)
• Spanish: final (es) m
• Telugu: పరిక్ష (parikṣa)
• Turkish: final (tr)

sports: last round in a contest

• Armenian: վերջնամրցում (verǰnamrcʻum), եզրափակիչ (hy) (ezrapʻakičʻ)
• Bulgarian: финал (bg) m (final)
• Catalan: final (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 決賽／决赛 (zh) (juésài)

• Czech: finále (cs) n
• Danish: finale (da) c, slutrunde
• Dutch: eindronde (nl), finale (nl) f
• Faroese: endaumfar
• Finnish: loppuottelu, finaali (fi), loppukilpailu (fi), loppusarja
• French: finale (fr) f
• Galician: final (gl) f
• German: Finale (de) n, Endkampf (de) m, Schlussrunde (de) f, Endspiel (de) n
• Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
• Hebrew: גְּמָר (he) m (gmar)
• Hungarian: döntő (hu)
• Icelandic: úrslit (is) n pl, úrslitakeppni f
• Irish: ceannchluiche m
• Italian: finale (it) f
• Japanese: 決勝戦 (けっしょうせん, kesshōsen), ファイナル (fainaru)
• Kazakh: финал (final)
• Latin: finis (la) m or f, terminus (la) m, exitus m, extremus m, extremum n, peractio f
• Latvian: fināls m, finālspēle f
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: finale (no) m

  Nynorsk: finale m

• Persian: فینال (fa) (finâl)
• Polish: finał (pl) m
• Portuguese: final (pt) f
• Russian: фина́л (ru) m (finál), (chess) э́ндшпиль (ru) m (éndšpilʹ)
• Spanish: final (es) f
• Swahili: fainali (sw)
• Swedish: final (sv) c
• Tagalog: pangwakas
• Turkish: final (tr)
• Vietnamese: chung kết (vi)
• Walloon: finåle f

final part of a syllable

• Catalan: final (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 韻母／韵母 (zh) (yùnmǔ), 終聲／终声 (zh) (zhōngshēng)

• Galician: final (gl) f
• Hungarian: szótagvég
• Japanese: 韻母 (いんぼ, inbo), 終声 (しゅうせい, shūsei)
• Korean: 운모(韻母) (ko) (unmo), 종성 (ko) (jongseong)
• Russian: фина́ль (ru) f (finálʹ)
• Vietnamese: vận mẫu (韻母)
• Walloon: coron (wa) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Italian: ^{(please verify)} finale (it)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} finale, ^{(please verify)} finalis
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} krajnje (sh)
• Welsh: ^{(please verify)} terfynol (cy), ^{(please verify)} olaf

Adjective

final (comparative more final, superlative most final)

1. Last; ultimate.

   final solution;   the final day of a school term

   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     Yet despair not of his final pardon.

2. Conclusive; decisive.

   a final judgment;   the battle of Waterloo brought the contest to a final issue

3. Respecting an end or object to be gained; respecting the purpose or ultimate end in view.
5. (grammar) Expressing purpose; as in the term final clause.
6. (linguistics) Word-final; occurring at the end of a word.
   • 1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

     Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.

Synonyms

• (last, ultimate): dernier (dated), endly, terminal

Antonyms

• initial
• early
• first

Derived terms

• causal-final
• fall at the final hurdle
• final A
• final account
• final act
• final and conclusive
• final approach
• final B
• final boss
• final class
• final club
• final curtain
• final cut
• final decree
• final drive
• final frontier
• final girl
• final illness
• final method
• final nail in the coffin
• final obstruent devoicing
• final order cutoff
• final parsec problem
• final reckoning
• final roundup
• final salary
• final say
• final setting time
• final sigma
• final solution, Final Solution
• final straw
• final topology
• final whistle
• final words
• final year projec
• in the final analysis
• non-final

 

Derived terms

Terms derived from the adjective or noun final

• A final
• B final
• big final
• final cause
• finalist
• finally
• grand final
• quarterfinal
• semifinal
• small final
• superfinal

Translations

last; ultimate

• Arabic:

  Egyptian Arabic: آخر (āḵir)

• Armenian: վերջին (hy) (verǰin), վերջնական (hy) (verǰnakan)
• Bengali: শেষ (bn) (śeś), আখেরী (bn) (akheri)
• Bulgarian: последен (bg) (posleden), заключителен (bg) (zaključitelen)
• Catalan: final (ca) m or f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 最後／最后 (zh) (zuìhòu)

• Czech: poslední (cs), konečný (cs)
• Danish: endelig, endegyldig
• Dutch: finaal (nl), laatste (nl), ultiem (nl), definitief (nl)
• Finnish: viimeinen (fi), lopullinen (fi)
• French: dernier (fr), ultime (fr)
• Galician: final (gl) m or f
• German: endgültig (de), End (de)-, Schluss (de)-
• Gothic: 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌰 (aftuma)
• Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
• Gujarati:છેલ્લું (gu) (chellũ)

  Ancient: ἔσχατος (éskhatos), λοῖσθος (loîsthos)

• Hindi: अखरी (akhrī),अंतिम (hi) (antim)
• Hungarian: végső (hu), utolsó (hu)
• Ido: konkluziva (io)
• Italian: ultimo (it) m
• Japanese: 終わりの (ja) (owari no), 最後の (ja) (saigo no)
• Kazakh: ақтық (aqtyq)
• Latin: ultimus
• Luxembourgish: definitiv
• Norman: finnal
• Old English: sīþmest
• Persian: آخرین (fa), نهایی (fa)
• Polish: ostatni (pl) m, końcowy (pl) m
• Portuguese: último (pt), final (pt)
• Russian: оконча́тельный (ru) (okončátelʹnyj), заключи́тельный (ru) (zaključítelʹnyj), фина́льный (ru) (finálʹnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic: deireannach, mu dheireadh
• Spanish: final (es), último (es)
• Swedish: slutgiltig (sv)
• Telugu: చివరి (te) (civari), ఆఖరు (te) (ākharu)
• Vietnamese: cuối (vi), cuối cùng (vi)

conclusive; decisive

• Armenian: վերջնական (hy) (verǰnakan)
• Finnish: lopullinen (fi)
• Greek: οριστικός (el) m (oristikós)
• Hungarian: jogerős (hu)
• Luxembourgish: endgülteg

respecting an end, purpose or ultimate end in view

• Finnish: lopullinen (fi)

grammar: expressing purpose

• Finnish: finaalinen
• Hungarian: célhatározói

linguistics: occurring at the end of a word

• Esperanto: fina
• Finnish: loppu- (fi)
• German: End-, Schluss-, Auslaut-
• Greek: τελικός (el) m (telikós)
• Hungarian: szó végi
• Latin: finalis
• Polish: końcowy (pl)
• Portuguese: final (pt)
• Scottish Gaelic: deireannach
• Swedish: ordfinal
• Telugu: అంతం (te) (antaṁ)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} final (fr)
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} poslednje

Related terms

Terms etymologically related to the adjective or noun final

• finale
• fine
• finish
• finite

Further reading

• “final”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “final”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Falin, alfin, flain

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [fiˈnal]

Adjective

final m or f (masculine and feminine plural finals)

1. final

   Synonyms: darrer, últim

Derived terms

• finalment

Related terms

• finalitat

Noun

final m (plural finals)

1. end (last point or moment of something)

   Synonym: fi

2. finale (chronological conclusion of a series of narrative works)

Derived terms

• finalisme
• finalitzar

Noun

final f (plural finals)

1. (sports, competitions) final, final round

Derived terms

• finalista

Further reading

• “final” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Chinese

Etymology

From English final.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faai¹ nou²

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: faai¹ nou²
    • Yale: fāai nóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faai¹ nou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fai¹ nou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːi̯⁵⁵ nou̯³⁵/

Noun

final

1. final; final examination

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Italian finale, from Latin fīnālis, from fīnis (“end”).

Noun

final

1. a final

Declension

Declension of final

nominative	final
genitive	finalnıñ
dative	finalğa
accusative	finalnı
locative	finalda
ablative	finaldan

Adjective

final

1. final

References

• Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

French

Etymology

From Latin fīnālis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fi.nal/

Adjective

final (feminine finale, masculine plural finals or finaux, feminine plural finales)

1. final (last)
2. (linguistics, grammar) expressing purpose

Derived terms

• au final
• classe finale
• coup de sifflet final
• point final
• solution finale

 

Related terms

• finale
• finalement
• finaliser
• finaliste
• finalité

Descendants

• → Romanian: final
• → Turkish: final

Further reading

• “final”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

German

Etymology

18th century, from Latin finālis, perhaps in part through French final. Recently revived to some degree by influence of English final.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiˈnaːl/
• Rhymes: -aːl

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

final (strong nominative masculine singular finaler, not comparable)

1. (grammar) final, expressing purpose
2. (higher register) final, conclusive, irrevocable (that which will not or cannot be changed anymore, sometimes implying death)

   Synonyms: endgültig, abschließend, unwiderruflich, entscheidend, letztlich

   der finale Wortlaut der Verträge ― the final wording of the contracts

   das finale Krankheitsstadium ― the final stage of the illness

   finaler Rettungsschuss ― deadly force (literally, “final [i.e. lethal] rescue shot”)

   • 2020, Max-Emanuel Geis, Kommunalrecht. Ein Studienbuch, 5th edition, München: C.H. Beck, →ISBN, Sect. 3 Rn. 44, page 20:

     In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern wurde, auch aus Gründen der dünnen Besiedelung, die noch deutlich drastischere Reduzierung von zwölf auf sechs Landkreise und die Umwandlung von vier der sechs kreisfreien Städte zu Kreisstädten im Jahr 2011 durchgeführt. Auch hier blieben entsprechende Landesverfassungsbeschwerden final erfolglos.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (rare, pompous, chiefly anglicism) final, last

   Synonym: letzter

   die finalen Minuten vor dem großen Auftritt ― the final minutes before the big gig

Declension

Positive forms of final (uncomparable)

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist final	sie ist final	es ist final	sie sind final
strong declension (without article)	nominative	finaler	finale	finales	finale
	genitive	finalen	finaler	finalen	finaler
	dative	finalem	finaler	finalem	finalen
	accusative	finalen	finale	finales	finale
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der finale	die finale	das finale	die finalen
	genitive	des finalen	der finalen	des finalen	der finalen
	dative	dem finalen	der finalen	dem finalen	den finalen
	accusative	den finalen	die finale	das finale	die finalen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein finaler	eine finale	ein finales	(keine) finalen
	genitive	eines finalen	einer finalen	eines finalen	(keiner) finalen
	dative	einem finalen	einer finalen	einem finalen	(keinen) finalen
	accusative	einen finalen	eine finale	ein finales	(keine) finalen

Related terms

• Finale

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French final (“final”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /final/

Adjective

final

1. final

Indonesian

Noun

final (first-person possessive finalku, second-person possessive finalmu, third-person possessive finalnya)

1. finale, final, end

Italian

Adjective

final (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of finale

Noun

final m

1. Apocopic form of finale

Anagrams

• fin là, flani, linfa

Ladin

Adjective

final m (feminine singular finala, masculine plural finai, feminine plural finales)

1. final

Old French

Adjective

final m (oblique and nominative feminine singular finale)

1. final, definitive, last

Declension

Declension of final

Number	Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular	Subject	finaus	finale	final
	Oblique	final			finale	final
Plural	Subject	final	finales		final
	Oblique	finaus			finales	final

Descendants

• English: final
• French: final

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin fīnālis, from fīnis.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fiˈnaw/ [fiˈnaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/ [fiˈnaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/ [fiˈnaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fiˈna.li/

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: fi‧nal

Adjective

final m or f (plural finais)

1. final, ultimate, last

   Synonyms: derradeiro, último

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:final.

Derived terms

• finalmente

Noun

final m (plural finais)

1. an end

   Synonyms: fim, término

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:final.

Noun

final f (plural finais)

1. (sports) final

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:final.

Related terms

• fim
• finalista
• finalizar

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French final, from Latin finalis. By surface analysis, fine +‎ -al.

Adjective

final m or n (feminine singular finală, masculine plural finali, feminine and neuter plural finale)

1. final

Declension

Declension of final

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	final		finală	finali	finale
	definite	finalul		finala	finalii	finalele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	final		finale	finali	finale
	definite	finalului		finalei	finalilor	finalelor

Related terms

• finalitate
• finaliza

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

final m (Cyrillic spelling финал)

1. (linguistics) final (last letter of word)
2. (sports) final

Declension

Declension of final

	singular	plural
nominative	final	finali
genitive	finala	finala
dative	finalu	finalima
accusative	final	finale
vocative	finale	finali
locative	finalom	finalima
instrumental	finalu	finalima

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin fīnālis. By surface analysis, fin +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/ [fiˈnal]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: fi‧nal

Adjective

final m or f (masculine and feminine plural finales, superlative finalísimo)

1. final (last, ultimate)

   Synonym: último

2. final (conclusive, decisive)

   Synonym: concluyente

Derived terms

• finalizar
• finalmente
• juicio final
• oración final
• pitido final
• punto final
• recta final
• usuario final

 

Noun

final m (plural finales)

1. end (the terminal point of something in space or time)

   Synonyms: fin, término

Derived terms

• al final

 

Noun

final f (plural finales)

1. (sports) final (the last round, game or match in a contest, after which the winner is determined)

Derived terms

• cuartos de final
• dieciseisavos de final
• finalista
• octavos de final
• semifinal

 

Related terms

• fin
• finalidad

 

Further reading

• “final”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɪˈnɑːl/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian finale and French final from Latin finālis, from fīnis + -ālis.

Noun

final c

1. a finale

Declension

Declension of final
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	final	finalen	finaler	finalerna
Genitive	finals	finalens	finalers	finalernas

Adjective

final (not comparable)

1. (grammar) final, expressing purpose

Declension

Inflection of final
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	final	mer final	mest final
Neuter singular	finalt	mer finalt	mest finalt
Plural	finala	mer finala	mest finala
Masculine plural3	finale	mer finala	mest finala
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	finale	mer finale	mest finale
All	finala	mer finala	mest finala
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English final.

Noun

final c

1. (sports) a final

Declension

Declension of final
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	final	finalen	finaler	finalerna
Genitive	finals	finalens	finalers	finalernas

Derived terms

• kvartsfinal
• semifinal
• sextiofjärdedelsfinal
• sextondelsfinal
• trettioandradelsfinal
• åttondelsfinal

 

See also

• kval
• turnering

Anagrams

• flina

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from French final.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiˈnal/
• Hyphenation: fi‧nal

Noun

final (definite accusative finali, plural finaller)

1. the end
2. (education) the final exam
3. (music) finale
4. (sports) in tournaments: the last contest

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	final
Definite accusative	finali
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	final	finaller
Definite accusative	finali	finalleri
Dative	finale	finallere
Locative	finalde	finallerde
Ablative	finalden	finallerden
Genitive	finalin	finallerin
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular finalim finallerim 2nd singular finalin finallerin 3rd singular finali finalleri 1st plural finalimiz finallerimiz 2nd plural finaliniz finalleriniz 3rd plural finalleri finalleri Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular finalimi finallerimi 2nd singular finalini finallerini 3rd singular finalini finallerini 1st plural finalimizi finallerimizi 2nd plural finalinizi finallerinizi 3rd plural finallerini finallerini Dative Singular Plural 1st singular finalime finallerime 2nd singular finaline finallerine 3rd singular finaline finallerine 1st plural finalimize finallerimize 2nd plural finalinize finallerinize 3rd plural finallerine finallerine Locative Singular Plural 1st singular finalimde finallerimde 2nd singular finalinde finallerinde 3rd singular finalinde finallerinde 1st plural finalimizde finallerimizde 2nd plural finalinizde finallerinizde 3rd plural finallerinde finallerinde Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular finalimden finallerimden 2nd singular finalinden finallerinden 3rd singular finalinden finallerinden 1st plural finalimizden finallerimizden 2nd plural finalinizden finallerinizden 3rd plural finallerinden finallerinden Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular finalimin finallerimin 2nd singular finalinin finallerinin 3rd singular finalinin finallerinin 1st plural finalimizin finallerimizin 2nd plural finalinizin finallerinizin 3rd plural finallerinin finallerinin

Derived terms

• çeyrek final
• yarı final

 

Related terms

• define
• definisyon
• definitif
• dömifinal
• finalist
• finalite
• finalize
• finalizm
• finans
• finansal
• finansman
• finansör
• finiş
• fino
• prefinansman
• rafine
• rafineri
• röfinansman
• semifinal