brad

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See also: Brad, brád, Brád, bráð, and bråd

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Late Middle English brad, variant of brod(d), from Old Norse broddr (“spike, shaft”), from Proto-Germanic *bruzdaz (compare Old English brord, Old High German brort), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrusdʰos (compare Welsh brath (“sting, prick”), Albanian bredh (“fir-tree”), Lithuanian bruzdùklis (“bridle”), Czech brzda (“brake”). Doublet of prod.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brad (plural brads)

A brad (stationery fastener)
  1. A thin, small nail, with a slight projection at the top on one side instead of a head, or occasionally with a small domed head, similar to that of an escutcheon pin.
    • 1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber, published 2007, page 5:
      Into the middle arch of each desk silver-headed brads had been hammered to form a lion, a bear, a ram, a dove, and in the midst a flaming torch.
  2. (US, elementary school usage) A paper fastener, a fastening device formed of thin, soft metal, such as shim brass, with a round head and a flat, split shank, which is spread after insertion in a hole in a stack of pages, in much the same way as a cotter pin or a split rivet.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

paper fastener — see paper fastener
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb[edit]

brad (third-person singular simple present brads, present participle bradding, simple past and past participle bradded)

  1. (transitive) To attach using a brad.
  2. (transitive) To upset the end of a rod inserted in a hole so as to prevent it from being pulled out, as when riveting.

Anagrams[edit]

Aromanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Possibly borrowed from Old Albanian *bradh (modern bredh), or alternatively a substrate cognate of it, and ultimately from an Indo-European source either way (a borrowing directly from modern Albanian would have presumably produced a form *brez).

Noun[edit]

brad m (plural bradz)

  1. fir tree

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Bavarian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle High German breit, from Old High German breit, from Proto-West Germanic *braid, from Proto-Germanic *braidaz. Cognates include German breit, Yiddish ברייט (breyt), Dutch breed, Old Norse breiðr, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (braiþs).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

brad (comparative brader, superlative braderstn) (East Central Bavarian, Carinthia, Vienna)

  1. broad, wide
  2. long (of a distance)

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brad f

  1. genitive plural of brada

Danish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse bráð, from from Proto-Germanic *brēdô, cognate with German Braten.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈb̥ʁɑð], [ˈb̥ʁɑˀð]

Noun[edit]

brad c (singular definite braden, plural indefinite brade)

  1. (archaic) roast
Declension[edit]
Declension of brad
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative brad braden brade bradene
genitive brads bradens brades bradenes
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse bráðr, from Proto-Germanic *brēþaz (“in a hurry”), cognate with Swedish bråd.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

brad (neuter bradt, plural and definite singular attributive brade)

  1. (archaic) sudden, quick
References[edit]

Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Irish brat (“spoil, plunder, robbery”), perhaps ultimately related to the root of brath (“betrayal, deception”).

Noun[edit]

brad f (genitive singular braide)

  1. (literary) plunder
Declension[edit]
Declension of brad

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative brad
Vocative a bhrad
Genitive braide
Dative brad
braid (archaic, dialectal)

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular
Nominative an bhrad
Genitive na braide
Dative leis an mbrad
leis an mbraid (archaic, dialectal)

don bhrad
don bhraid (archaic, dialectal)

Derived terms[edit]
  • bradach (“thieving; scoundrelly;”, adjective)
  • bradach m (“thief, plunderer”)
  • bradaigh (“steal, pilfer; remove gently; steal away”, verb)
  • bradaíl f (“(act of) thieving, pilfering; trespassing on crops”)
  • bradaí f (“proneness to thieving”)
  • bradaí m (“pilferer, thief; person with prominent teeth”)
  • bradóg f (“roguish woman”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

brad (present analytic bradann, future analytic bradfaidh, verbal noun bradadh, past participle bradta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of bradaigh (“steal, pilfer; remove gently; steal away”)
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of brad (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present bradaim bradann tú;
bradair† 		bradann sé, sí bradaimid bradann sibh bradann siad;
bradaid† 		a bhradann; a bhradas /
a mbradann*; a mbradas* 		bradtar
past bhrad mé; bhradas bhrad tú; bhradais bhrad sé, sí bhradamar; bhrad muid bhrad sibh; bhradabhair bhrad siad; bhradadar a bhrad /
ar bhrad* 		bradadh
past habitual bhradainn / mbradainn‡‡ bhradtá / mbradtᇇ bhradadh sé, sí / mbradadh sé, s퇇 bhradaimis; bhradadh muid / mbradaimis‡‡; mbradadh muid‡‡ bhradadh sibh / mbradadh sibh‡‡ bhradaidís; bhradadh siad / mbradaidís‡‡; mbradadh siad‡‡ a bhradadh /
a mbradadh* 		bhradtaí / mbradta퇇
future bradfaidh mé;
bradfad 		bradfaidh tú;
bradfair† 		bradfaidh sé, sí bradfaimid;
bradfaidh muid 		bradfaidh sibh bradfaidh siad;
bradfaid† 		a bhradfaidh; a bhradfas /
a mbradfaidh*; a mbradfas* 		bradfar
conditional bhradfainn / mbradfainn‡‡ bhradfá / mbradfᇇ bhradfadh sé, sí / mbradfadh sé, s퇇 bhradfaimis; bhradfadh muid / mbradfaimis‡‡; mbradfadh muid‡‡ bhradfadh sibh / mbradfadh sibh‡‡ bhradfaidís; bhradfadh siad / mbradfaidís‡‡; mbradfadh siad‡‡ a bhradfadh /
a mbradfadh* 		bhradfaí / mbradfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbrada mé;
go mbradad† 		go mbrada tú;
go mbradair† 		go mbrada sé, sí go mbradaimid;
go mbrada muid 		go mbrada sibh go mbrada siad;
go mbradaid† 		— go mbradtar
past dá mbradainn dá mbradtá dá mbradadh sé, sí dá mbradaimis;
dá mbradadh muid 		dá mbradadh sibh dá mbradaidís;
dá mbradadh siad 		— dá mbradtaí
imperative bradaim brad bradadh sé, sí bradaimis bradaigí;
bradaidh† 		bradaidís — bradtar
verbal noun bradadh
past participle bradta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
brad bhrad mbrad
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

Megleno-Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Possibly borrowed from Old Albanian *bradh (modern bredh), or alternatively a substratum cognate of it, and ultimately from an Indo-European source either way (a borrowing directly from modern Albanian would have presumably produced a form *brez).

Noun[edit]

brad

  1. fir tree

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *braid.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

brād

  1. wide, broad

Declension[edit]

Declension of brād — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brād brād brād
Accusative brādne brāde brād
Genitive brādes brādre brādes
Dative brādum brādre brādum
Instrumental brāde brādre brāde
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brāde brāda, brāde brād
Accusative brāde brāda, brāde brād
Genitive brādra brādra brādra
Dative brādum brādum brādum
Instrumental brādum brādum brādum
Declension of brād — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brāda brāde brāde
Accusative brādan brādan brāde
Genitive brādan brādan brādan
Dative brādan brādan brādan
Instrumental brādan brādan brādan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brādan brādan brādan
Accusative brādan brādan brādan
Genitive brādra, brādena brādra, brādena brādra, brādena
Dative brādum brādum brādum
Instrumental brādum brādum brādum

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle English: brood, brod, brode
    • English: broad
    • Scots: braid
    • Yola: brode

Old Frisian[edit]

Brād.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą. Cognates include Old English brēad, Old Saxon brōd and Old Dutch *brōd.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brād n

  1. bread

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Possibly borrowed from Old Albanian *bradh (modern Albanian bredh), or alternatively a substrate cognate of it, and ultimately from an Indo-European source either way (a borrowing directly from modern Albanian would have presumably produced a form *brez).[1]

Another theory suggests that it was reformed analogically from the plural brazi, and that the original form was *braz (reinterpreted as a plural, modeled on plurals such as coadă > cozi, pradă > prăzi, surd, > surzi). See also the Romanian alpine toponyms containing Breaza, which may correspond to the Albanian plural form bredha.[2] Compare also Aromanian brad.

Noun[edit]

brad m (plural brazi)

  1. fir, Abies alba.
  2. pine tree.
  3. pine wood.

Declension[edit]

Declension of brad
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) brad bradul (niște) brazi brazii
genitive/dative (unui) brad bradului (unor) brazi brazilor
vocative bradule brazilor

Derived terms[edit]

diminutives
placenames

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ brad in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
  2. ^ https://dexonline.ro/articol/Despre_leg%C4%83turile_rom%C3%A2nei_cu_albaneza

Further reading[edit]

Tagalog[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Clipping and pronunciation spelling of English brother. Doublet of prayle.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɾad/, [ˈbɾad]

Noun[edit]

brad (Baybayin spelling ᜊ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔)

  1. (familiar) comrade; peer; buddy (used in addressing between male peers)
    Synonyms: (usually informal) kabarkada, kaibigan, (usually informal) katropa, (usually informal) kumpare, (informal) dabarkads, (slang) pards, (informal) pare, (informal) pre, (informal) tropa, (colloquial) tropatuts, (slang, colloquial) tsong, (usually informal) utol

Further reading[edit]

  • “brad”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Volapük[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French bras.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brad (nominative plural brads)

  1. arm

Declension[edit]

declension of brad
singular plural
nominative brad brads
genitive brada bradas
dative brade brades
accusative bradi bradis
vocative 1 o brad! o brads!
predicative 2 bradu bradus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Welsh[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Welsh brat, from Proto-Brythonic *brad, from Proto-Celtic *mratom.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brad m (usually uncountable, plural bradau or bradiau)

  1. treason
  2. treachery

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
brad frad mrad unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “brad”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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