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上皮増殖因子受容体

同義/類義語：EGF受容体EGFレセプター, 上皮増殖因子レセプター上皮増殖因子受容体ファミリー
英訳・(英)同義/類義語：EFG receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, , EGF receptor, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Epidermal growth factor receptor

上皮細胞表面に存在するEGFやTGF-αなどのEGFファミリーに結合し、自身のチロシンキナーゼ活性を活性化することで細胞内に信号を伝達する。

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egfr

【仮名】egfr
【原文】EGFR

一部の細胞の表面にみられる蛋白で、上皮成長因子が結合すると細胞分裂が引き起こされるもの。この蛋白は多くの種類のがん細胞の表面で異常に多量に認められるため、このようながん細胞は上皮成長因子の存在下で過剰に分裂する可能性がある。「epidermal growth factor receptor（上皮成長因子受容体）」、「erbb1」、「her1」とも呼ばれる。

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ウィキペディア
ウィキペディアウィキペディア

上皮成長因子受容体

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2012/01/13 04:45 UTC 版)

(egfr から転送)

上皮成長因子受容体（じょうひせいちょういんしじゅようたい、Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; EGFR）は、細胞の増殖や成長を制御する上皮成長因子 (EGF) を認識し、シグナル伝達を行う受容体である[1]。チロシンキナーゼ型受容体で、細胞膜を貫通して存在する分子量170 kDa（キロダルトン）の糖タンパクである。HER1、ErbB1とも呼ばれる。

EGFRの発現は上皮系、間葉系、神経系起源の多様な細胞でみられる。細胞膜上にあるこの受容体に上皮成長因子 (EGF) が結合すると、受容体は活性化し、細胞を分化、増殖させる。正常組織において細胞の分化、発達、増殖、維持の調節に重要な役割を演じているが、このEGFRに遺伝子増幅や遺伝子変異、構造変化が起きると、発癌、および癌の増殖、浸潤、転移などに関与するようになる。

細胞表面のEGFRにEGFなどのリガンドが結合すると、EGFRはリン酸化（赤）され、引き続きMAPK経路（緑）、JAK-STAT経路（ピンク）、PI3K-AKT経路（黄）などの細胞内経路が活性化して核内にシグナルを伝達する。その結果、細胞増殖、アポトーシス抑制、血管新生、浸潤・転移などがおこる。

参考文献
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egfrのお隣キーワード

eeg

ef (ロックバンド)

ef5

effect 〜悪魔の仔〜

efts

egb761

egfr

egg

egoism-天国はまだ待ってくれる-

ekb-569

ellence

elocon

em-1421

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